====== 荷兰洪水防线 ======
此防线建成于1883-1920年之间，在阿姆斯特丹四周延伸135公里，是唯一一座为控制水量而建成的防御工事。自从16世纪起，荷兰人民为了防御目的，利用其水利工程技术人员特有的知识，为确保国家中心部分的安全，在坝上建起了45个堡垒，并配有大炮用来防洪，还设有渠和水闸系统。

这个1996年首次被列入名录的遗产区对其边界进行了重大调整，从穆登的艾瑟尔湖 (旧称“须德海”)一直延伸到韦尔肯丹的莎草河口。这一修改将荷兰水防线的较新部分与原有世界遗产“阿姆斯特丹的防御线”融合，成为“荷兰水防线”世界遗产。此次调整还包括对原遗产区的边界的一些小的扩展和缩减，其中扩展部分特别展现了一个由低地水网、水利设施以及一系列防御工事和军事哨所组成的绵延85公里长的军事防御系统。荷兰水防线还包括3个较小的组成部分：哥伦布绿堡、蒂尔洪水运河和靠近德国边境的潘纳登堡。它们建成于1814-1940年之间，是对已经列入名录的遗产区的补充。原遗产是唯一一个以水量控制原则为基础建成的防御工事。自16世纪起，荷兰人民就把他们的水利工程专业知识用于防御目的。国家的中心部分由45个武装堡垒组成的防线保护着，这些堡垒与圩田上的蓄洪以及错综复杂的水渠和水闸系统相互配合。

Extending 135 km around the city of Amsterdam, this defence line (built between 1883 and 1920) is the only example of a fortification based on the principle of controlling the waters. Since the 16th century, the people of the Netherlands have used their expert knowledge of hydraulic engineering for defence purposes. The centre of the country was protected by a network of 45 armed forts, acting in concert with temporary flooding from polders and an intricate system of canals and locks.

The significant boundary modification of the property first inscribed in 1996 stretches from the IJsselmeer (previously known as Zuiderzee) at Muiden to the Biesbosch estuary at Werkendam. This modification adds the New Dutch Waterline to the existing Defence Line of Amsterdam World Heritage site, to become the Dutch Water Defence Lines World Heritage property and also includes a number of small extensions and reductions to the boundaries of the Defence Line of Amsterdam World Heritage property. In particular, the extension illustrates a single military defence system, which was based on inundation fields, hydraulic installations and on a series of fortifications and military posts stretching over an area of 85 km. It also includes three smaller components: Fort Werk IV, the Tiel Inundation Canal and Fort Pannerden near the German border. Built from 1814 to 1940, they complement the already inscribed site, which is the only example of a fortification based on the principle of controlling the waters. Since the 16th century, the people of the Netherlands have used their expert knowledge of hydraulic engineering for defence purposes. The centre of the country was protected by a network of 45 armed forts, acting in concert with temporary flooding from polders and an intricate system of canals and locks.
{{tag>文化遗产}}
^{{:欧洲和北美洲:荷兰:荷兰洪水防线:20210728-173032.png}}^^
^国别|{{:images:flag:flag_of_netherlands.svg?30|}}[[http://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/nl|荷兰 Netherlands]]|
^中文名称|[[http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/759|荷兰洪水防线]]|
^英文名称|[[http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/759|Dutch Water Defence Lines]]|
^遗产类别|文化遗产|
^登录年份|1996,2021|
^选入标准|[[http://whc.unesco.org/en/criteria/|(ii)(iv)(v)]]|

===== 遗产分布 =====
遗产范围包括：​
^ID^Name & Location^State Party^Coordinates^Property^Buffer Zone|
|759-001|Fort Near Edam|Netherlands|N52 31 4.20\\ E5 4 3.00| |—|
|759-002|Fort Near Kwadijk (never completed)|Netherlands|N52 31 39.10\\ E4 59 58.70| |—|
|759-003|Fort north of Purmerend|Netherlands|N52 32 9.30\\ E4 57 27.20| |—|
|759-004|Fort along Nekkerweg|Netherlands|N52 31 41.40\\ E4 55 41.40| |—|
|759-005|Fort along Middenweg|Netherlands|N52 31 8.50\\ E4 53 31.80| |—|
|759-006|Fort along Jisperweg|Netherlands|N52 31 27.50\\ E4 51 58.70| |—|
|759-007|Fort near Spijkerboor|Netherlands|N52 32 27.00\\ E4 50 27.80| |—|
|759-008|Fort near Marken-Binnen|Netherlands|N52 32 1.60\\ E4 46 53.30| |—|
|759-009|Fort near Krommeniedijk|Netherlands|N52 31 2.70\\ E4 44 36.20| |—|
|759-010|Fort along de Ham|Netherlands|N52 30 7.50\\ E4 44 7.80| |—|
|759-011|Fort near Veldhuis|Netherlands|N52 29 52.40\\ E4 42 19.40| |—|
|759-012|Fort along the St. Aagtendijk|Netherlands|N52 28 39.10\\ E4 41 1.00| |—|
|759-013|Fort Zuidwijkermeer|Netherlands|N52 27 18.20\\ E4 40 57.00| |—|
|759-014|Fort near Velsen|Netherlands|N52 27 50.20\\ E4 39 58.20| |—|
|759-015|Coastal Fort near Ijmuiden|Netherlands|N52 27 54.60\\ E4 34 35.00| |—|
|759-016|Fort north of Spaardam|Netherlands|N52 25 23.20\\ E4 40 43.00| |—|
|759-017|Fort south of Spaardam|Netherlands|N52 24 42.70\\ E4 40 19.80| |—|
|759-018|Fort near Penningsveer|Netherlands|N52 23 28.40\\ E4 40 39.50| |—|
|759-019|Fort near the Liebrug|Netherlands|N52 23 5.90\\ E4 41 16.90| |—|
|759-020|Fort de Liede|Netherlands|N52 22 46.50\\ E4 41 22.50| |—|
|759-021|Fort Bij Heemstede|Netherlands|N52 20 13.20\\ E4 37 56.30| |—|
|759-022|Advanced defense at Vijfhuizen|Netherlands|N52 20 26.70\\ E4 39 17.90| |—|
|759-023|Fort near Vijfhuizen|Netherlands|N52 20 51.30\\ E4 40 13.00| |—|
|759-024|Battery along Ijweg|Netherlands|N52 19 25.70\\ E4 40 38.10| |—|
|759-025|Fort near Hoofddorp|Netherlands|N52 18 8.20\\ E4 41 5.80| |—|
|759-026|Battery along Sloterweg|Netherlands|N52 17 10.30\\ E4 42 12.60| |—|
|759-027|Fort near Aalsmeer|Netherlands|N52 16 6.30\\ E4 44 4.40| |—|
|759-028|Fort near Kudelstaart|Netherlands|N52 14 53.90\\ E4 45 24.50| |—|
|759-029|Fort near de Kwakel|Netherlands|N52 14 13.00\\ E4 47 23.00| |—|
|759-030|Fort along the Drecht|Netherlands|N52 13 44.00\\ E4 48 51.00| |—|
|759-031|Fort near Uithoorn|Netherlands|N52 13 40.00\\ E4 50 16.00| |—|
|759-032|Fort near Wavel-Amstel|Netherlands|N52 14 57.50\\ E4 52 13.00| |—|
|759-033|Fort in the Waver-Botshol (never completed)|Netherlands|N52 15 4.60\\ E4 54 40.50| |—|
|759-034|Fort along De Winkel (never completed)|Netherlands|N52 15 22.00\\ E4 57 28.00| |—|
|759-035|Fort near Abcoude|Netherlands|N52 16 11.90\\ E4 58 53.00| |—|
|759-036|Fort near Nigtevecht|Netherlands|N52 16 31.70\\ E5 1 2.00| |—|
|759-037|Fort near Hinderdam|Netherlands|N52 17 2.90\\ E5 3 32.10| |—|
|759-038|Fort Uitermeer|Netherlands|N52 17 35.50\\ E5 4 56.30| |—|
|759-039|Weesp Fortress - Defensive tower on the Ossenmarket|Netherlands|N52 18 17.10\\ E5 2 33.50| |—|
|759-040|Muiden Fortress|Netherlands|N52 19 48.00\\ E5 4 7.90| |—|
|759-041|Muiden west battery|Netherlands|N52 20 10.60\\ E5 3 59.80| |—|
|759-042|Fort Kijkuit|Netherlands|N52 14 9.80\\ E5 3 30.80| |—|
|759-043|Battery near the IJ before Diemerdam|Netherlands|N52 20 34.30\\ E5 0 49.40| |—|
|759-044|Fort along the Pampus|Netherlands|N52 21 54.20\\ E5 4 7.00| |—|
|759-045|Battery near the IJ before Durgerdam|Netherlands|N52 22 19.50\\ E5 0 48.50| |—|
|759bis-001|Dutch Water Defence Lines, consisting of existing The Defence Line of Amsterdam and the extension New Dutch Waterline	|Netherlands|N52 33 18\\ E4 47 29.09|54,746.78 ha|191,630.82 ha|
|759bis-002|Coastal Fort near Ijmuiden|Netherlands|N52 27 53.73\\ E4 34 33.6|6.3 ha| |
|759bis-003|Fort near Heemstede|Netherlands|N52 20 12.62\\ E4 37 56.36|1.52 ha| |
|759bis-004|Fort along the Pampus|Netherlands|N52 21 53.24\\ E5 4 8.18|2.64 ha| |
|759bis-005|Works along the IJ before Durgerdam (Vuurtoreneiland)|Netherlands|N52 22 20.58\\ E5 0 49.28|1.81 ha| |
|759bis-006|Fort Werk IV|Netherlands|N52 16 17.03\\ E5 10 33.65|1.13 ha| |
|759bis-007|Tiel Inundation Canal|Netherlands|N51 52 35.2\\ E5 24 26.16|15.54 ha| |
|759bis-008|Works along the IJ before Diemerdam|Netherlands|N52 20 34.6\\ E5 0 49.25|2.3 ha|4.53 ha|
|759bis-009|Fort Pannerden|Netherlands|N51 52 51.32\\ E6 1 36.15|1 ha|87.29 ha|

===== 遗产地图 =====
{{:欧洲和北美洲:荷兰:阿姆斯特丹防线:20180613-102847.png}}

===== 遗产详细介绍 =====

===== 遗产图片 =====
{{:欧洲和北美洲:荷兰:阿姆斯特丹防线:20180613-102851.png}}{{:欧洲和北美洲:荷兰:阿姆斯特丹防线:20180613-102854.png}}
===== 遗产邮票 =====
==== 主要邮票 ====
发行国家/地区：荷兰 Netherlands

|[{{:风光:欧洲:荷兰:nl201409.jpg|Fort near Spijkerboor}}]|[{{:风光:欧洲:荷兰:nl201410.jpg|Fort near Pampus}}]|
^2014 荷兰 世界遗产 (10-9,10)^^