====== 制作和分享面饼的文化 ======
The culture of making and sharing flatbread in communities of Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Turkey carries social functions that have enabled it to continue as a widely-practised tradition. Making the bread (lavash, katyrma, jupka or yufka) involves at least three people, often family members, with each having a role in its preparation and baking. In rural areas, neighbours participate in the process together. Traditional bakeries also make the bread. It is baked using a tandyr/tanūr (an earth or stone oven in the ground), sāj (a metal plate) or kazan (a cauldron). Besides regular meals, flatbread is shared at weddings, births, funerals, various holidays and during prayers. In Azerbaijan and Iran, it is put on the bride’s shoulders or crumbled over her head to wish the couple prosperity while in Turkey it is given to the couple’s neighbours. At funerals in Kazakhstan it is believed the bread should be prepared to protect the deceased while a decision is made from God and in Kyrgyzstan sharing the bread provides a better afterlife for the deceased. The practice, transmitted by participation within families and from master to apprentice, expresses hospitality, solidarity and certain beliefs that symbolize common cultural roots reinforcing community belonging.
{{tag>非物质文化遗产}}

^{{:非遗:欧洲和北美洲:阿塞拜疆:制作和分享面饼的文化:20181005-155514.png}}^^
^国别|{{:images:flag:flag_of_azerbaijan.svg?30|}} 阿塞拜疆 Azerbaijan\\ {{:images:flag:flag_of_iran.svg?30|}} 伊朗 Iran (Islamic Republic of)\\ {{:images:flag:flag_of_kazakhstan.svg?30|}} 哈萨克斯坦 Kazakhstan\\ {{:images:flag:flag_of_kyrgyzstan.svg?30|}} 吉尔吉斯斯坦 Kyrgyzstan\\ {{:images:flag:flag_of_turkey.svg?30|}} 土耳其 Turkey|
^中文名称|[[https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/flatbread-making-and-sharing-culture-lavash-katyrma-jupka-yufka-01181|制作和分享面饼的文化]]|
^英文名称|[[https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/flatbread-making-and-sharing-culture-lavash-katyrma-jupka-yufka-01181|Flatbread making and sharing culture: Lavash, Katyrma, Jupka, Yufka]]|
^登录年份|2016|

===== 遗产详细介绍 =====

===== 遗产图片 =====
{{:非遗:欧洲和北美洲:阿塞拜疆:制作和分享面饼的文化:20181005-155521.png}}{{:非遗:欧洲和北美洲:阿塞拜疆:制作和分享面饼的文化:20181005-155530.png}}
===== 遗产邮票 =====
==== 主要邮票 ====
^发行国家/地区：阿塞拜疆 Azerbaijan^^^
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^发行国家/地区：土耳其 Turkey^^^
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