罗西亚蒙大拿矿业景观

罗西亚蒙大拿是位于罗马尼亚西部阿普塞尼山脉的金属矿区，它是已知的最重要、最大、技术上最多样化的罗马地下金矿开采遗址。作为阿尔伯努斯·麦欧尔旧矿，罗西亚蒙大拿是罗马帝国时期大量黄金开采活动的所在。自公元106年开始，在随后的166年里，罗马人从该地开采了约500吨黄金，并为此开发了高技术含量的工事，各类矿道总长达7公里，还为开采高品质矿石而在4个地下区域建造了水车。涂蜡的木板记载了关于这一时期采矿活动的详细法律、社会经济、人口统计和语言信息，范围不仅限于阿尔伯努斯·麦欧尔旧矿，而是适用于达契亚省。遗产地展示了外来的罗马采矿技术与本土技术的融合，这在同一时代未见于别处。从中世纪到现代，罗西亚蒙大拿的开采工作仍在继续，但规模较小。这些后来的采矿工事围绕着古罗马时期的矿道，并与之交织。这些遗址群位于农牧业景观中，在很大程度上反映了18世纪至20世纪初支撑矿区的社区机构。

Located in the Metalliferous range of the Apuseni Mountains in the west of Romania, Roșia Montană features the most significant, extensive and technically diverse underground Roman gold mining complex known at the time of inscription. As Alburnus Maior, it was the site of extensive gold-mining during the Roman Empire. Over 166 years starting in 106 CE, the Romans extracted some 500 tonnes of gold from the site developing highly engineered works, different types of galleries totalling 7km and a number of waterwheels in four underground localities chosen for their high-grade ore. Wax‐coated wooden writing tablets have provided detailed legal, socio‐economic, demographic and linguistic information about the Roman mining activities, not just in Alburnus Maior but also across the wider Dacian province. The site demonstrates a fusion of imported Roman mining technology with locally developed techniques, unknown elsewhere from such an early era. Mining on the site was also carried out, albeit to a lesser extent, between medieval times and the modern era. The later extractive works surround and cut across the Roman galleries. The ensemble is set in an agro-pastoral landscape which largely reflects the structures of the communities that supported the mines between the 18th and early 20th centuries.

国别	罗马尼亚 Romania
中文名称	罗西亚蒙大拿矿业景观
英文名称	Roșia Montană Mining Landscape
遗产类别	文化遗产
登录年份	2021
选入标准	(ii)(iii)(iv)

遗产范围包括：​

发行国家/地区：罗马尼亚 Romania