罗伯托·布雷·马克思庄园

该遗产地位于里约热内卢以西，主体为巴西景观设计大师、艺术家罗伯托·布雷·马克思（Roberto Burle Marx，1909-1994）历时40多年开发的一个成功项目。他运用本土植物，借鉴现代主义思潮，打造了一个“活的艺术作品”兼“景观实验室”。自1949年起，该庄园就拥有日后界定马克思园林的关键特征，并影响了现代园林的国际化发展。其特点包括弯曲的造型、多且茂盛的植被、符合建筑学规范的植物配置、强烈的色彩对比、热带植物的运用，以及传统民俗文化元素的融入。到20世纪60年代末，庄园已收集最具代表性的巴西植物，以及其它稀有热带物种。3500种热带和亚热带植物栽培品种与本土原生植被在这里和谐共生，多见原生植被有红树林沼泽、雷斯廷加（一种独特的热带和亚热带海岸湿润阔叶林）和大西洋森林。庄园展示了形式即过程的生态概念，包括作为环境和文化保护基础的社会协作。它是第一个被列入世界遗产名录的现代热带园林。

Situated west of Rio de Janeiro, the site embodies a successful project developed over more than 40 years by landscape architect and artist Roberto Burle Marx (1909-1994) to create a “living work of art” and a “landscape laboratory” using native plants and drawing on Modernist ideas. Began in 1949, the garden features the key characteristics that came to define Burle Marx’s landscape gardens and influenced the development of modern gardens internationally. The garden is characterized by sinuous forms, exuberant mass planting, architectural plant arrangements, dramatic colour contrasts, use of tropical plants, and the incorporation of elements of traditional folk culture. By the end of the 1960s, the site housed the most representative collection of Brazilian plants, alongside other rare tropical species. In the site, 3,500 cultivated species of tropical and subtropical flora grow in harmony with the native vegetation of the region, notably mangrove swamp, restinga (a distinct type of coastal tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest) and the Atlantic Forest. Sítio Roberto Burle Marx exhibits an ecological conception of form as a process, including social collaboration which is the basis for environmental and cultural preservation. It is the first modern tropical garden to be inscribed on the World Heritage List.

国别	巴西 Brazil
中文名称	罗伯托·布雷·马克思庄园
英文名称	Sítio Roberto Burle Marx
遗产类别	文化遗产
登录年份	2021
选入标准	(ii)(iv)

发行国家/地区：巴西 Brazil